• In conclusion our results show that P C

  2021-10-18

  

  In conclusion, our results show that P7C3 enhances endogenous neurogenesis by upregulating the generation of endogenous neuroblasts and neural stem/progenitor cells by increasing the expression of neuroprotective proteins (Bcl-2, ki67, DCX, adam11, adamts20, and β-tub3) by activation of the cAMP/PKA

• br Ketone body metabolism and neuronal excitability

  2021-10-18

  

  Ketone body metabolism and neuronal excitability One of the best examples of the close connection between metabolism and neuronal excitability is illustrated by the effect of ketone bodies on epileptic seizures. One third of patients suffering from epileptic seizures do not respond to conventiona

• Given the actions of GIP analogues administered as a

  2021-10-18

  

  Given the actions of GIP analogues administered as a single dose to ob/ob mice, studies were performed to assess their ability to act in vivo as antagonists of GIP-induced insulinotropic and antihyperglycaemic actions. (Ala3)GIP, (Phe3)GIP, (Tyr3)GIP and (Pro3)GIP all counteracted the glucose-loweri

• br Conclusion br Acknowledgment This study was supported

  2021-10-18

  

  Conclusion Acknowledgment This study was supported by grants from the Excellence Initiative of the German federal and state governments, the Else Kröner-Fresenius Foundation and the German Society for Cardiology (DGK) to F.K. and grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB TRR 219 M-0

• br STAR Methods br Introduction Arsenite

  2021-10-16

  

  STAR★Methods Introduction Arsenite is a well-recognized toxic metalloid that commonly presents in the natural environment. Chronic exposure to arsenite can lead to a wide range of adverse health effects to human, including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, skin lesion and neurodegene

• br Introduction More than structurally different isoprenoids

  2021-10-16

  

  Introduction More than 30,000 structurally different isoprenoids, such as steroids, carotenoids, prenyl side-chain of quinones, prenyl proteins, and natural rubber, exist in nature. In a biosynthetic pathway, linear prenyl diphosphates are common structures as a precursor of isoprenoids, as shown

• Here we show in contrast to previous work

  2021-10-16

  

  Here we show, in contrast to previous work, that several phenotypes associated with Orb6 inactivation, including increased cell width, are independent of Gef1. We further find that Orb6 positively regulates exocytosis, also independently of Gef1. To identify novel targets of Orb6, we performed quant

• Heme activates the master regulator

  2021-10-16

  

  Heme activates the master regulator of the anti-oxidant stress response, NRF2, which mediates the up-regulation of a battery of phase II detoxifying genes [106]. Remarkably, HO-1 induction by NRF2 is regulated via an interplay with the transcriptional repressor BACH1 at the Maf recognition Mirin mg

• To date the crystal structures of

  2021-10-16

  

  To date, the crystal structures of HIV-1 IN complexed with ligands and related proteins could help us in studying the interactions between the inhibitors and IN. Until now, 114 co-crystal structures of HIV-1 IN with small molecular ligands 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34,

• Benzene metabolism occurs primarily in the liver where

  2021-10-16

  

  Benzene metabolism occurs primarily in the liver where benzene is converted into phenol, catechol, hydroquinone (HQ). HQ is further converted to 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) in the bone marrow which is the primary organ of benzene toxicity (Bolton et al., 2000). 1,4-BQ is an important benzene metabolit

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction The incidence of cholangi

  2021-10-16

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a malignant tumor found in both intra- and extra-hepatic biliary epithelia [1], has been increased worldwide over the past two decades [2]. The prognosis of CCA patients are generally poor, due to the lack of early detecti

• br Introduction Glycolysis plays a key role in

  2021-10-16

  

  Introduction Glycolysis plays a key role in TP-0903 energy metabolism [[1], [2], [3]]. It is initiated mainly by hexokinase I (HKI), the major hexokinase isoform of the brain ([3,4] and references therein). Up to 90% of brain HKI is bound to the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) through the vol

• Mitochondrial binding by HK prevents mortality by

  2021-10-16

  

  Mitochondrial binding by HK prevents mortality by inhibiting pro-apoptotic factor (Bcl-2 family)-mediated opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) (Arora and Pedersen, 1988, Calmettes et al., 2016, Kodde et al., 2007, Pedersen et al., 2002, Rosano, 2011, Schindler and Foley,

• RS testing has been extensively validated

  2021-10-16

  

  RS testing has been extensively validated in patients with early stage, ER+, HER2− patients. TAILORx, a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the role of adjuvant chemotherapy by RS, found no recurrence or survival benefit to the addition of chemotherapy to endocrine therapy in patients with inter

• Cyclopamine a steroidal alkaloid type secondary metabolite

  2021-10-16

  

  Cyclopamine, a steroidal alkaloid type secondary metabolite from Veratrum californicum Durand (Melanthiaceae), serves as an anti-Hh constituent blocking the activation of Smo [96,100]. According to previous studies, cyclopamine was shown to inhibit the development of human hepatocellular carcinomas

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